Engine Codes P0016 And P0017: Meaning, Causes, Signs, And Fixes!

Engine codes p0016 and p0017 are common diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs) related to the engine’s timing. If you’re experiencing issues with your vehicle’s engine performance, these codes will provide insight into the underlying problem.

So, what are the meanings of engine codes p0016 and p0017? These codes signify a discrepancy between the crankshaft and camshaft positions in your vehicle’s engine timing system. These diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs) point to a correlation problem between the two critical components.

Read on as I explore the meaning of these engine codes. I’ll further discuss the signs that will indicate their presence, the possible causes, how to fix them and provide a step-by-step diagnosis guide.

Meaning of Engine Codes P0016 and P0017

Engine code P0016 is a “Camshaft Position Sensor A – Bank 1” error. This indicates that the camshaft position sensor detects incorrect alignment or timing between the camshaft and crankshaft.

On the other hand, engine code P0017 points to a “Crankshaft Position – Camshaft Position Correlation – Bank 1” issue. This implies a discrepancy between the positions of the crankshaft and camshaft.

These diagnostic trouble codes indicate an inconsistency or misalignment between the crankshaft and camshaft positions in your engine’s timing system. The engine’s timing is crucial for properly operating various components, such as the intake and exhaust valves.

The camshaft regulates the opening and closure of these valves. At the same time, the crankshaft translates the pistons’ reciprocating action into a rotating motion. When the timing between these two components becomes mismatched, it can cause various performance issues.

Exploring the Signs of Codes P0016 and P0017

If your vehicle is affected by engine codes p0016 or p0017, you will experience the following signs:

• Decreased engine performance: The engine will feel sluggish or lack power during acceleration. You will notice a decrease in overall performance, making reaching higher speeds or maintaining consistent power output difficult.
• The check engine light is illuminated: The check engine light on your vehicle’s dashboard is one of the key indicators of these codes. It serves as a notice that an engine problem requires care.
• Engine cranks but does not start: When the timing between the crankshaft and camshaft is significantly off, the engine will crank but fail to start. This can be frustrating and concerning, especially if you rely on your vehicle for daily transportation.
• Increased fuel consumption: When the engine’s timing is not properly synchronized, it can result in inefficient combustion. This inefficiency increases fuel consumption as the engine struggles to operate optimally.
• The engine feels rough when accelerating: If your vehicle’s engine feels rough or shaky during acceleration, it results from the timing misalignment caused by these codes. The irregular firing of cylinders can create vibrations felt throughout the vehicle.
• Noises as the engine misfires: The engine will misfire or experience irregular combustion due to the timing issue. This can manifest as unusual noises from the engine, such as knocking or popping. Or even a squeaking noise from the engine when idle.

The Culprits Revealed: Common Causes & Solution of Codes P0016 and P0017

Several factors can contribute to the occurrence of engine codes p0016 and p0017. Here are some common culprits:

1. Wrong Oil Viscosity

Using incorrect oil viscosity or grade can disrupt the smooth operation of the timing components. When the oil does not meet the manufacturer’s specifications, it can affect the timing chain/belt and the sensors responsible for detecting the crankshaft and camshaft positions.

How To Fix Wrong Oil Viscosity (Follow 6 Easy Steps)

You can take the following steps to change the oil and replace it with the right oil viscosity:

• Step 1: Locate the oil drain plug on the oil pan beneath the engine and place an appropriate container to catch the oil. Remove the drain plug and allow the oil to drain out completely.
• Step 2: Use an oil filter wrench to loosen and remove the old oil filter. Be cautious, as some residual oil may still be in the filter.
• Step 3: Before adding fresh oil, install a new oil filter. Apply a small amount of clean oil to the rubber gasket of the new oil filter to ensure a proper seal. Hand-tighten the new oil filter in place.
• Step 4: Using a funnel, pour the new oil with the correct viscosity into the engine through the oil fill cap. Add the oil in small increments, periodically checking the oil level with the dipstick to prevent overfilling.
• Step 5: Securely tighten the oil fill cap. Crank the engine and run it for a few minutes to allow the fresh oil to circulate throughout the engine.
• Step 6: Turn the engine off and wait for the oil to settle. Inspect the oil filter and drain plug area for any signs of leaks to avoid the engine knocking after the oil change.

2. Timing Chain Or Timing Belt Issues

The timing chain or timing belt plays a critical role in synchronizing the crankshaft and camshaft rotations. Over time, these components can stretch, become loose, or suffer from wear and tear.

A damaged or worn timing chain/belt can result in inconsistent timing and trigger the engine codes.

Solution For Timing Chain/Belt

To fix this issue, you should have your timing chain or timing belt replaced by a professional mechanic. It will cost around $300-$3,000 to replace it.

3. Faulty Crankshaft/Camshaft Sensors

The crankshaft and camshaft sensors are responsible for detecting the positions of these components and providing feedback to the engine control module (ECM). If either of these sensors becomes faulty or malfunctions, it can cause inaccurate readings and subsequently trigger the engine codes.

How to fix Faulty Crankshaft/Camshaft Sensors (Follow 10 Easy Steps)

Here is how to replace a faulty crankshaft/camshaft sensor:

• Step 1: Identify the location of the faulty crankshaft or camshaft sensor. These sensors are typically located near the front or rear.
• Step 2: Disconnect the negative battery terminal in your car to avoid electrical catastrophes.
• Step 3: Remove any components or covers obstructing access to the faulty sensor.
• Step 4: Find the electrical connector that is connected to the sensor. Depress any retention clips or tabs and remove the electrical connector carefully.
• Step 5: Remove these fasteners before carefully removing the sensor from its mounting position. Crankshaft and camshaft sensors are typically secured using bolts.
• Step 6: Align the newly installed sensor (costing about $200-$400) with the mounting position. Insert the sensor, making sure it is securely in place.
• Step 7: Attach the electrical connector to the new sensor, ensuring a secure connection.
• Step 8: Reinstall any removed components or covers to access the sensor. Make sure all fasteners are tightened securely.
• Step 9: Reattach the vehicle’s battery’s negative terminal.
• Step 10: Crank the engine and let it idle while watching for unusual noises or vibrations. Using an OBD-II scanner, clear the engine codes.

4. Low Oil Levels

Insufficient oil levels can harm the engine’s timing system. When the oil level is too low, it can impact the lubrication of the timing chain/belt and the components they interact with. This can result in timing inconsistencies and the manifestation of the corresponding engine codes.

How to Fix Low Oil Levels (Follow 7 Easy Steps)

Here is how to top off your oil levels when they are too low.

• Step 1: Locate and release the hood latch inside your vehicle. Then, lift the hood and secure it with the prop rod or hood support.
• Step 2: Remove the dipstick from its tube and wipe it clean with a rag or paper towel. The dipstick has two marks indicating minimum and maximum oil levels.
• Step 3: Insert the funnel securely into the oil fill cap or tube. This is usually located on the top of the engine and labeled “Oil Fill” or “Engine Oil.” Make sure the funnel is stable and properly positioned to avoid any spills.
• Step 4: Slowly pour the oil into the funnel, allowing it to flow into the engine. Pour in small increments and periodically check the oil level using the dipstick.
• Step 5: Remove the dipstick and wipe it clean after adding oil. Insert it back into the tube and remove it to check the oil level. Ensure the oil level is within the acceptable range and not overfilled.
• Step 6: Securely tighten the cap or tube to prevent leaks after achieving the desired oil level.
• Step 7: Wipe spilled oil from the engine components using a rag or paper towel. Close the hood securely, ensuring that it latches properly.

5. Defective Wiring

Damaged or faulty wiring connections to the crankshaft and camshaft sensors can disrupt the communication between these sensors and the ECM.

Poor electrical connections or broken wires can cause intermittent signal transmission, causing timing issues and triggering the engine codes.

How To Fix Defective Wiring (Follow 7 Easy Steps)

Here are the steps on how to solve any faulty wiring.

• Step 1: Inspect the wiring for frayed wires, exposed copper, melted insulation, or loose connections. Trace the wiring from the affected component back to the source to locate any potential issues.
• Step 2: Use wire cutters or strippers to remove the damaged portion of the wiring. Cut the wire cleanly on both ends to ensure a precise repair.
• Step 3: Strip a small insulation section from the ends of the remaining wires. This will expose the copper conductors for proper connection.
• Step 4: If necessary, cut a new section of wire to replace the damaged portion. Ensure the replacement wire matches the gauge and type of the original wire for proper conductivity and compatibility.
• Step 5: Securely connect the replacement wire to the existing wiring using wire connectors or soldering. Apply solder to the joint for a solid connection and cover it with heat shrink tubing for insulation.
• Step 6: Wrap the repaired section with electrical tape to provide additional insulation and protect the repaired wiring from further damage or exposure.
• Step 7: Reconnect the power source and use a multimeter to test the repaired wiring for proper conductivity and continuity.

6. Dirt In The Air Gap Between Sensors

Over time, dirt, debris, or oil residues can accumulate in the air gap between the crankshaft or camshaft sensors and their respective tone rings.

This accumulation can interfere with the sensor’s ability to accurately detect the positions of the components, leading to timing discrepancies and the appearance of the engine codes.

How to Fix Dirt In The Air Gap Between Sensors

Use a can of compressed air to blow away loose dirt or debris from the air gap. Direct the nozzle of the can towards the gap and apply short bursts of air. This will help dislodge loose particles and clear the gap.

For stubborn dirt or debris, use a soft-bristle brush to scrub the air gap gently. Be careful not to apply excessive force or damage the sensors. Brush circularly to dislodge the dirt and periodically blow away the loosened particles with compressed air.

7. The Camshaft/Crankshaft Tone Ring Is Broken

The tone ring, a toothed wheel attached to the camshaft or crankshaft, helps the sensors determine the positions of these components.

If the tone ring becomes broken, damaged, or distorted, it can impair the sensors’ ability to function correctly. This will result in timing issues and the activation of the engine codes.

Solution of Camshaft/Crankshaft Tone Ring Is Broken

Even though you can replace the tone ring independently, I recommend you seek assistance from a professional mechanic. The process is complex, and you may damage the camshaft/crankshaft sensors. The replacement will cost you about $100-$600.

How to Diagnose Codes p0016 and p0017 (Step-by-Step Guide)

Diagnosing engine codes p0016 and p0017 requires a systematic approach. Here’s a step-by-step guideline to help you identify the underlying cause:

Step 1: Retrieve the DTCs

Use an OBD-II scanner to retrieve the trouble codes stored in your vehicle’s ECM. This will confirm whether codes p0016 and p0017 are present.

Step 2: Inspect wiring and connectors

Inspect the wiring harness and connectors related to the crankshaft and camshaft sensors. Look for signs of damage, loose connections, or corrosion. Ensure that all wiring is properly connected and intact.

Step 3: Check oil levels and condition

Verify the engine’s oil levels and inspect the oil’s condition. Ensure the oil is at the recommended level and not excessively dirty or contaminated. Inadequate oil levels or poor oil quality can affect the timing system’s performance.

Step 4: Inspect the sensors

Check the condition of the crankshaft and camshaft sensors. Look for any physical damage, such as cracks or corrosion. Ensure the sensors are securely mounted and aligned with their respective tone rings.

Step 5: Perform a timing inspection

If the previous steps haven’t resolved the issue, inspecting the timing components, such as the timing chain or timing belt, will be necessary.

This step is more complex and will require specialized tools and expertise. I advise you to consult a professional mechanic if you’re not confident performing this inspection.

People Also Ask

Here are a few additional questions that I found many people were asking.

Final Remarks

Understanding engine codes P0016, and P0017 is crucial for diagnosing and resolving potential issues with your vehicle’s engine performance. These codes indicate problems related to the camshaft and crankshaft position, which can significantly impact the engine’s timing and overall operation.

You can effectively address these engine codes by recognizing the signs, identifying the causes, and following the appropriate diagnostic steps. Ignoring these codes or failing to address their underlying causes can reduce engine performance, increase fuel consumption, and potential engine damage over time.

Resources

1. http://zatonevkredit.ru/repair_manuals/raw_content/rm000000pdv0pfx.xml
2. https://www.fixya.com/cars/t26122872-p0016_p0017_check_engine_pop_up_after
3. https://www.chevyhhr.net/forums/2-4l-performance-tech-14/vvt-codes-p0016-p0017-help-61439/
4. https://static.nhtsa.gov/odi/tsbs/2016/SB-10105744-9340.pdf
5. https://www.gcoeara.ac.in/learning_material/auto/Unit%204-AEE.pdf
6. https://static.nhtsa.gov/odi/tsbs/2016/MC-10087902-5448.pdf
7. https://patents.google.com/patent/US5621644A/en